Purnopama Alankar (A Type of Simile Figure Speech) in Garhwali Folk Drama

गढवाली लोक नाटकों / लोक  नृत्य -गीतों में पूर्णोपमाअलंकार

Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional Plays part -69

                                    Bhishma Kukreti

    According to Sanskrit literature, there are two main Figure speeches.

1-Arthalankar or figure of Speech by meaning- Figure of speech is when the meanings create enhancement from poetry or other literature

2-Shabdalankar or figure of speech by words – Shabdalankar is when words create ornamental effects are called figure of speech by words

.

                       Arthalankar or Figure of Speech by Words  

There are following Alankars under Arthalankar -

1-Upma Alankar (Simile)

2-Rupak Alankar (Metaphor)

3-Arishayokti Alankar (Hyperbole)

                     Upma Alankar or Simile Figure of Speech in Garhwali Folk Drama

                              Upma Alankar or Simile Figure of Speech is when a person or thing is compared by words with a similar but famous or well known person or thing.

 There two important parts of Upma Alankar

Upmey or Subject of comparison or that which is compared with

Upman- Upman is by whom the subject is compared or resemblance or the standard of comparison or analogy.

In Upma characteristic of standard become very normal .For example उपमाअलंकार  का उदाहरण -

ताजमहल  जन कूड़

Here, Tajmhal is Upman and Kood or house is Upmey

          Example of Complete Simile or Purnopma Alankar in Garhwali Folk Drama

 When there are uses of object that is compared; comparable; general characteristics and message all together in a poem or drama dialogue that is called Purnopma Alankar

            पूर्णोपमा अलंकार (गुण सादृश्य)

अ -धुंआ जन धुपली -राजुला जन राणी

 बी- सेलंग डाळि सी गात की छड़छड़ी

धुंआ सी हापली पाणी सी पाथली

(Reference Dr. Shiv Prasad Nautiyal)

 This Purnopma Alankar is by characteristics or Gun Sadrishya.

Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti 3/1/2014

Review of Characteristics of Garhwali Folk Drama, Community Dramas; Folk Theater/Rituals and Traditional to be continued in next chapter.

                 References

1-Bharat Natyashastra

2-Steve Tillis, 1999, Rethinking Folk Drama

3-Roger Abrahams, 1972, Folk Dramas in Folklore and Folk life 

4-Tekla Domotor , Folk drama as defined in Folklore and Theatrical Research

5-Kathyrn Hansen, 1991, Grounds for Play: The Nautanki Theater of North India

6-Devi Lal Samar, Lokdharmi Pradarshankari Kalayen 

7-Dr Shiv Prasad Dabral, Uttarakhand ka Itihas part 1-12

8-Dr Shiva Nand Nautiyal, Garhwal ke Loknritya geet

9-Jeremy Montagu, 2007, Origins and Development of Musical Instruments

10-Gayle Kassing, 2007, History of Dance: An Interactive Arts Approach

11- Bhishma Kukreti, 2013, Garhwali Lok Natkon ke Mukhya Tatva va Charitra, Shailvani, Kotdwara

12- Bhishma Kukreti, 2007, Garhwali lok Swangun ma rasa ar Bhav , Chithipatri

 Xx

Purnopama Alankar (A Simile Figure Speech) in Garhwali Folk Drama; Purnopama Alankar (A Simile Figure Speech) in Garhwali Folk Drama from Dhangu Garhwal; Purnopama Alankar (A Simile Figure Speech) in Garhwali Folk Drama from Lansdowne Tehsil Garhwal; Purnopama Alankar (A Simile Figure Speech) in Garhwali Folk Drama from Pauri Garhwal; Purnopama Alankar (A Simile Figure Speech) in Garhwali Folk Drama from Chamoli Garhwal; Purnopama Alankar (A Simile Figure Speech) in Garhwali Folk Drama from Rudraprayag Garhwal; Purnopama Alankar (A Simile Figure Speech) in Garhwali Folk Drama from Tehri Garhwal; Purnopama Alankar (A Simile Figure Speech) in Garhwali Folk Drama from Uttarkashi Garhwal; Purnopama Alankar (A Simile Figure Speech) in Garhwali Folk Drama from Dehradun Garhwal; Purnopama Alankar (A Simile Figure Speech) in Garhwali Folk Drama from Haridwar Garhwal; Purnopama Alankar (A Simile Figure Speech) in Garhwali Folk Drama from Garhwal, Himalaya; Purnopama Alankar (A Simile Figure Speech) in Garhwali Folk Drama from Garhwal, North India;