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Sunday, July 28, 2013

Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King who Sifted Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath (Baidyanath)

History of Uttarakhand (Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar) - Part 108

   Early Medieval South Asian History of Katyuri Imperialism in Kumaon, Garhwal and Haridwar (Uttarakhand) -19

          (Early Asian Medieval History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand))
                          (Early Asian Medieval History (740-1100 AD)

                                 ByBhishma Kukreti

             There is in inscription about the successors of Subhiksharaj Katyuri.  Therefore no information is available about successors of Subhiksharaj Katyuri.
          The folk sayings provide glimpses on the history of post Subhiksharaj Katyuri kings that Nar Singh Dev Katyuri shifted the capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath (Baidyanath) in present Kumaon. There is no historical written record available about Narsingh Dev Katyuri. Therefore, it is difficult to state about his relationship with Subhiksharaj Katyuri.

             Folk Sayings about Nar Singh Katyur

             The folklore state the following folktale about Nar Singh Dev Katyur-
             It is said that Narsingh Dev was the successor of Vasudev Katyur family. The capital of Narsingh Dev was Kartikeypur or Joshimath.
              One day, Narsingh Dev Katyur was gone for hunting. In his absence, lord Vishnu came there incarnated as Narsingh. Vishnu (Narsingh deity-half lion-half man) asked food from his queen. The queen offered food to Narsingh. Narsingh deity lied down on the bed of king. When king came he saw an unknown person lying down in his bed. The king Nar Singh Dev became angry and he attacked on deity by sword. The king cut the hand of deity. Instead of bleeding the hand started flowing milk. The king became fearful and started shivering.
   The deity said that he came to bless the king but the king did crime. The deity Narsing cursed the king Nar Singh and asked him to shift from Kartikeypur or Joshimath to Katyur (Baijnath).  The deity said to the king that he (king) would see same wound on his (deity’s) idol. The deity Narsingh cursed to King Nar Singh that when the idol would be broken his (Katyur king) family rule would be over from this earth.
       The one hand of idol of Narsing deity in Narsingh temple in Joshimath is thinner than other.

                         Conflicts between Shaivya and Vaishnava

          One assumption is that Katyuri kings were Shaivya (believer of Shiva) and when Vaishnava (believer of Vishnu) became powerful in Garhwal Shiva devotee Katyuri king had to shift from Garhwal to Kumaon. However, the argument is not based on logic as Katyuri kings of Kartikeypur (Joshimath) were also devotee of Vishnu.


                              Glacier Sliding

              Historian Dr Dabral presumes that there were continuous glaciers sliding in Kartikeypur region and landslides too. It might be that Kartikeypur was destroyed due to glaciers sliding and land sliding. Therefore, Katyuri kings took decisions to shift their capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath-Kartikeypur.
           The Katyuri kings had affection with name Kartikeypur. Therefore they named the new capital as Baidnath Kartikeypur.   
             By logic, Dabral suggests that around 1000 AD, Nar Singh Dev Katyuri shifted his capital from Kartikeypur (Joshimath) to Baijnath Kartikeypur (Baidyanath). Baijnath (Baidyanath) is 90 miles in east from Kartikeypur or Joshimath. The place got administrative importance in ninth and tenth centuries.

***Read about characteristics of Katyuri of Kartikeypur Kingdom in History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) Part -109
Copyright@ Bhishma Kukreti -bckukreti@gmail.com 27/7/2013
(The History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar write up is aimed for general readers)
                           
History of Garhwal – Kumaon-Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued… Part -109
Early Asian Medieval History of Katyuri Dynasty in Kumaon, Garhwal and Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued…20
    (Oriental Early Medieval Age History of Garhwal, Kumaon, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) to be continued…)
    (Oriental Early Medieval Age History (740-1100 AD to be continued…)

                                        References
A1- Agrawal, D.P., J.S Kharkwal, 1998, Central Himalayas: an archeological, linguistic and cultural synthesis 
1-Atkinson, E.T. 1974 (new edition), 1974, Kumaon Hills
1A- Adhikari, Suryamani, 1997, The Khasa Kingdom
1B- Chandola, Khemanand, 1987, Across Himalayas through Ages: a study of relations between central Himalayas and western Tibet
2--Chaurasiya, Radhey Shyam, 2002, History of Ancient India: Earliest time to 1000AD
3--Dabral, Shiv Prasad , 1968, Uttarakhand ka Itihas, Bhag-3 Pages 429-513)
3A- Elliot and Dowson, History of Indian (2nd part)
4--Handa, O.C. 2002, history of Uttaranchal, Indus Publishing Company, New Delhi 27, page 22-44
4A- Joshi, M.C., 1990, Uttaranchal (Kumaon-Garhwal) Himalaya: an essay in historical anthropology 
5-Linrothe, Rob, 1999, Ruthless Compassion: Wrathful Deities in Early Indo Tibetan Esoteric Buddhist Art
6-Mishra, Nityanand, Source Materials of Kumaon History 
7-Mishra Baldev Prasad, Nepal ka Itihas
8- Pandey, B.D, 1937, new edition (1990), Kumaon ka Itihas
9- Pandey, Ram Niwas, 1997, Making of Modern Nepal, page 170
10-Rawat, Ajay S., 19 Garhwal Himalayas: A Study in Historical Perspective 
11-Satyankritan, Rahul, Garhwal
11A-Saklani, Dinesh Prasad, 1998, Ancient Communities of The Himalayas
11B- Tripathi, Ramdatt , Katyur ka Itihas
 12-Notes on Archeological Aspects of Uttarakhand: ascidehraduncircle.in/uttrakhand.html
13-Indian Archeology: A review, (edited by D. Mitra) 1979-80
14- Epigraphia  Indica 1982, Vol. XIII

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Notes on Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King shifting Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath; Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King of Joshimath Garhwal shifting Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath; Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King of Chamoli Garhwal shifting Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath; Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King of Rudraprayag Garhwal shifting Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath; Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King of Pauri Garhwal shifting Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath; Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King of Tehri Garhwal shifting Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath; Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King of Uttarkashi Garhwal shifting Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath; Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King of Pithoragarh Kumaon shifting Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath; Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King of Dwarhat Kumaon shifting Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath; Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King of Champawat Kumaon shifting Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath; Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King of Bageshwar Kumaon shifting Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath; Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King of Jageshwar Kumaon shifting Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath; Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King of Almora Kumaon shifting Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath; Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King of Nainital Kumaon shifting Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath; Early Medieval South Asian History of Narsingh Dev Katyuri King of Doti Nepal shifting Capital from Kartikeypur to Baijnath

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