Notes on folk dramas; Asian
folk dramas; South Asian folk dramas; SAARC countries folk dramas; Indian
subcontinent folk dramas; Indian folk dramas; North Indian folk dramas; Himalayan
folk dramas; Mid Himalayan folk dramas; Uttarakhandi folk dramas; Kumauni folk
dramas; Garhwali folk dramas
Folk theatre has been there with human
beings from the origin of civilization. There are tens of folk drama styles in
India as Jagar, Jatra, Pando naach, Ghadela, Badi-Badan swang in Garhwal and Kumaun; Lilas folk dramas,
Daskathiya folk dramas, Geetabhinaya folk dramas, Pani folk dramas, Mughal
tamasha folk dramas, Prahlad folk drama,Dandanatya folk dramas, Ravanchhaya
folk dramas, Desinata folk dramas, Palas folk dramas, Suanga and Chhau folk
dramas of Orisa; swang is popular folk drama style of Rajasthan and Haryana ; Bhavai
is popular folk drama style of Gujarat; Sukhari or manuati are folk drama style
of Himachal Pradesh, Nautanki is popular folk drama style of Uttar Pradesh and
other states of India; are a couple of
examples of folk dramas in India. Yanga is
popular folk drama style of China; Taziyeh is popular folk drama style of Iran;
Karagoj is folk drama style of Turkey; Apidan is a folk drama form of Nigeria; Mummers play is a folk
drama style in England; Yike is popular folk drama form of Cambodia; Manora is
religious folk drama of Malaysia; Randai is a style of folk drama of Indonesia;
Haohe a mask folk dance drama is popular in Korea; Reisados, Chegancas, Pastoris
and ranchos are popular forms of folk dramas in Brazil; Yike, Tuong, Cheo are folk drama forms popular
in Vietnam.
There is urgent need for staging folk dramas for modern
viewers and it is proved that blending folk dramas with modern subject attract
the modern audience specially youth more than modern way of dramas.
There is a custom in Chamoli Garhwal and Rudraprayag Garhwal about
playing folk drama through mask at the time of religious ceremony. Dr. D. R. Purohit
informs that the Mask-Folk Drama is played at the time of religious tour
(Dev-jatra) and Bhan (a professional class of Upper Garhwal and Pithoragah)
narrates or directs the Mask-Folk drama. ‘Budhdeva’
is one of such Mask-Folk dramas of Chamoli, Pithoragarh and Rudraprayag
districts of Uttarakhand. ‘Budhdeva’ means Narad a well known
character /sage of Sanatan or Hindi mythology famous for his knowledge,
devotion and information- communication system. Beside Budhdeva or Narad, there are other characters
in Mask-Folk drama ‘Budhdeva’ those perform the Mask-Folk drama by putting
masks. The subject of mask-Folk Drama ‘Budhdeva’ changes as per the time, place
and class of audience. The Mask-Folk drama ‘Budhdeva’
exposes the wrong happenings in contemporary scene in that particular region
where the Mask-Folk drama is being played.
Dr.D. R. Purohit
of H.N. B. Garhwal University did research on the custom of Mask-Folk dramas of
Chamoli, Pithoragarh and Rudraprayag districts of Uttarakhand. Dr. Purohit
conceived and wrote this customary Mask-Folk drama for modern audience and the
mask-Folk drama ‘Budhdeva’ attacks on
unwanted incidents happening in the society. The Mask-Folk drama ‘Budhdeva’ is in folk poetic form and dance style. Vidyadhar
Shrikala Shringar staged the Mask-Folk
Drama ‘Budhdeva’ thrice so far
including staging at Rashtriy Naty Vidyalaya Delhi(NSD). Suresh Kala was
director of first show of Mask-Folk drama ‘Budhdeva’.
Pankaj Naithani directed the mask-folk drama ‘Budhdeva’ at the time of Veer Singh Thakur Smriti Uttarakhand Lok
Natya Mahotsav, Dehradun in 2007.
The mask-folk drama
‘Budhdeva’ is very good medium for
making awareness about contemporary subject.
International drama
critics appreciated the hard work of Dr. Purohit for bringing out the hidden
treasury of Upper Garhwal and Pithoragarh. As Habeeb Tanveer (Chhatees garh
folk dramas), Vijay tendulkar (Marathi folk drama), Girish Karnad ( kannada
folk dramas) blended the folk dramas for creating modern dramas Dr. D. R.
Purohit blended folk drama style for creating modern Garhwali dramas.
Copyright @ Bhishma
Kukreti 15/5/2012
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